Enhancing Disaster Supply Chain Resilience Through the Integration of Mobile Additive Manufacturing and Truck-Drone Delivery Systems

Supply chain disruptions from disasters cause delays, financial losses, and reputational damage. To tackle this, organizations aim to build resilient networks. This study integrates mobile additive manufacturing (MAM) with truck-drone delivery (TDD) systems to boost supply chain resilience (SCR) during disasters. The framework synchronizes truck-drone deliveries with customer time windows and MAM operations, uniting production and delivery processes. The research examines how vibrations and surface roughness impact AM processes in mobile settings, particularly during disasters. Strategies ensure high product quality despite these challenges. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model minimizes operating costs, accounting for penalties from missed deliveries, timing deviations, and quality issues caused by environmental factors. A heuristic approach—referred to as the MAM-TDD variable neighborhood descent (MTVND) method—was introduced to solve the model. Additionally, three alternative models were evaluated for comparison: MAM combined with truck delivery, fixed additive manufacturing (FAM) paired with TDD, and FAM with truck delivery. A real-world case study was conducted to assess the performance of the primary model against these alternatives. The results emphasized the superiority of the MAM-TDD system under disaster conditions, particularly in extending delivery reach and ensuring timely fulfillment of orders. The study analyzed disaster severity levels—high, moderate, and low—demonstrating the robustness of the system. This research offers practical insights for managers, showcasing how MAM and TDD create flexible, innovative supply chain solutions in disaster scenarios.